州法中visa和status经常混用，valid visa可能指valid visa stamp，可能指valid visa status，可能指valid visa stamp and valid visa status，可能指valid visa stamp or valid visa status。在看到法院判例前无法判断在该州visa的定义。
CA DMV 体验完全取决于职工水平。遇到过个比指着H1签证一年有效期说我只能给你办一年。我跟她解释i94她直接呛我说你懂还是我懂。
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然后号称把你材料送三块馒头总部了，结果挂起两个月，给总部打电话问进度，人家说你啥啥啥材料我们没收到没法给你批，你再去dmv交一次或者直接传真给我们
现在更换中国护照直接用App啊，不需要本人亲自去领事馆，App里通过后，直接邮寄就行，高清晰度的前置摄像头，都不需要去外面拍照。
时代进步了，不错
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华州东部山区也是红色地盘啊，只是架不住大西雅图地区极左人口多。。。纽约市是现在也没比西雅图市好多少吧，都是极左的地盘。。。
CO好像也不让非移民身份的人拿REAL ID。这里说
Temporarily legal residents will receive a document bearing the phrase: “Not valid for federal identification, voting, or public benefit purposes.”
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特么那个人脸识别跟使馆工作人员都是一个德行，反正你照片就是不合格，怎么不合格我不说，怎么合格呢？你去淘宝找人/谷歌上搜一个5刀一次的自动修图 就能合格，这不就是大使馆的照相机么
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我唯一被认可的照片就是在app里打开前置摄像头的自拍照，其他的照片都没有通过。
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我前前后后拍了20张照片，最后直接原版P了下美颜就过了。。。我反正是不懂
CA，F1签证过期，I20没过期，死活不给办real id
好奇问一下，加州不是给非法移民驾照，不就是开车需要个DL，不能申请他们那种？不是不问身份吗？
非法移民不清楚，估计拿张驾照可能确实没问题。不给办real id我最后也是拿了张普通DL结束。但明年开始要拿着护照坐飞机还是有点麻烦
用外国护照+I-94的一定要有有效签证这个的确是联邦法规规定的。所以所有州都要准守。提出这个法规时有人给评论说签证跟合法身份没有关系，为什么需要有效签证。
DHS的一个回应是：
Comment: Commenters wrote that the list should be expanded to include a variety of documents, including adoption papers, refugee status paperwork, expired foreign passports if USCIS documentation is current, passports with expired visas, derivative visas, Immigration Court documents, foreign birth records, foreign national identification cards, the I-94 (Arrival-Departure Record), and the I-797 (Notice of Action). Refugees and asylees are more likely to have these documents before they receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD). Two States suggested that documents that can be electronically verified through SAVE should be acceptable. Commenters wrote also that foreign applicants may have documents that are not on the list but may have been issued by DHS or the courts to prove immigration status.
Response: The document list provided in the proposed regulation and adopted under this final rule is only for demonstrating identity, not lawful status in the United States. DHS agrees with the commenters who suggest that any document verifiable by SAVE is acceptable for proving lawful status, and that is what this final regulation provides. These can include Forms I-797 and I-94 as they provide sufficient information for a State DMV to check SAVE, which will be the method by which aliens lawfully present in the United States establish lawful status. But because many of these documents (including the ones listed above) cannot, and are not intended to, prove a person’s identity, an additional document must be provided for that purpose. In the case of refugees and asylees, they will be able to obtain a Form I-766, Employment Authorization Document.
DHS cannot accept the comment that foreign documents be included on the list of acceptable documents to prove identity. First, section 202(c)(3)(B) of the Act specifically prohibits any States from accepting any foreign document other than a passport. Second, the Act requires that documents presented for proof of identity be verified by the issuing agency. State DMVs cannot be expected to verify with foreign governments the validity of documents. DHS has, instead, decided to use the U.S. visa within the foreign passport as the identity document that a nonimmigrant alien can present.
还有另一个回应是：
Comment: […] Some commenters objected to the need for an unexpired U.S. visa on a foreign passport. They pointed out that renewing a visa would involve foreign travel, and in any case a visa does not authorize a stay in the U.S. for any particular period of time. An alien with nonimmigrant status may lawfully extend or change his or her nonimmigrant status without maintaining a valid visa stamp. One State noted that in some cases a passport might expire before the visa.
Response: […] The visa is used to verify identity and can be verified with the issuing agency—the U.S. State Department. DHS cannot verify, with the issuing agency as required by statute, foreign passports because there is no guarantee that issuing a foreign government would respond to a DMV request for a specific passport. Finally, like all documents that verify identity, the document itself must be unexpired to assure that a significant amount of time has not passed such that the person’s appearance has changed. This is a fundamental rule with issuance of all types of documents that are designed to prove a person’s identity.
DHS的逻辑基本上就是：REAL ID需要证明identity和lawful status。他们同意有效的I-94的、过期签证的人，的确确可以满足lawful status要求，但是I-94不能满足identity要求，因为I-94没有照片。虽然外国护照有照片，但是不能用，因为法律要求州DMV跟证件签发机构确认证件，但是外国护照的签发机构是外国政府，而DHS认为没有保证外国政府会给州DMV确认护照。所以只剩下美国签证可以用来满足identity要求（如果没有绿卡或EAD的话）。而且不能用过期的证件。所以必须要有有效的美国签证。
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我看过这两条，总体上理据还算充足，虽然不喜欢但是make sense
但有一点他们自相矛盾了
鉴于签证有效期差别太大，包括1年H1b和10年B签，显然有的签证过期时已经过了significant amount of time, 有的还很recent
至于后面一条就更矛盾。虽然我理解DHS把签证作为身分证明的意图，但是DHS恰恰已经承认了签证本身不是a type of documents that are designed to prove a person’s identity. 它是被强行拿来prove identity的，不能用这来循环论证有效期的合理性。实际上签证issuance的有效期完全不是以身分证明为目的设计的。签证有效期是reciprocity, class, national security的多种考量。被check过的都知道这不合理
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Real ID Act本来就没有要求ID必须是passport，反而特别指明了passport可以作为ID。理论上本州自己签发的standard ID都满足ID的要求。在ID这方面也没有DHS什么事，DHS这是纯粹自己加戏。
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我也是PA，正好renew驾照的时候办的Real ID，反正流程差不多就弄了省心。H1B，有效期给到I-797到期日。
What?
DHS倒不是自己加戏。REAL ID法通过的时候就规定让DHS制定实施细则公布在federal register上
这种国会定框架，赋权给行政部门二级立法的操作还挺常见的
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还是fake id好